Journal of Chemical Reviews

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents one of the most important health problems. One of the main risk factors for CVD death is the high cholesterol levels. Statins have been shown to lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, and are currently the first line of treatment for hypercholesterolemia. Atorvastatin is one of the most effective drugs and is part of the blood lipid lowering drug group. This work studies the mechanism of the use of statin family drugs and atorvastatin to determine the clinical requirements for improving the dermatology and the statins.

Abstract Crude oil is the main economic supply in many countries. Corrosion has been considered as the first fatal factor destroying the crude oil plants such as crude oil equipment, oil wells, separation vessels, storage tanks, and pipelines. This is the main reason encouraging many companies and researchers to develop new technological methods to manipulate corrosion. In this review, we discuss the types of corrosion, corrosion control methods (chemical and non -chemical methods), corrosion removal methods and corrosion monitoring process (direct and indirect measurement of corrosion). In addition some perspectives on SRB bacteria, types of inhibitors and gases removal methods were provided.

Abstract Fingerprint (FP) is a global mark used for personal identification. This study reviews recent latent fingerprint (LFP) enhancement techniques including metal oxides, multi-metal deposition (MMD-I/II/SMD/Au-ASP), optical, chemical, physical, and physicochemical. Furthermore, analytical techniques involved in identification, evaluation, and determination of pieces of evidence, and perpetrators including the SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, IR/NIR, SERS, SKP, DLS, MALDI-MSI, and TD analysis were also discussed. Among numerous LFP enhancement techniques, the application of chemical methods in combination with optical techniques has a greater place to recover FPs with sufficient quality. However, instead of using such a complex and costly enhancing agent, nowadays nanotechnology is using specific techniques used for visualizing, inspecting, gathering, and analyzing trace evidence at the scene of a crime. To indicate using simple metal oxides such as ZnO that have superior fluorescent properties and also that consider both the surface and cost of the materials, enhancement of the LFP is functioning.

Abstract Abuse of antibiotics in therapy has led to development of resistance in the target organisms. Failure of the current antibiotics to control infections makes it essential to discover alternative drugs. The pathogenicity in numerous bacteria is regulated by Quorum sensing (QS) signaling systems. The QS inhibition system may cause the reduction of virulence and defense against the bacterial infections. The QS is the main regulator of virulence and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A variety of plants showed their effects on P. aeruginosa virulence. Extract of various plants control the regulatory QS genes and factors with marginal effects on bacterial growth. The quorum-quenching (QQ) mechanisms are unrelated to static or cidal effects. In fact, anti-QS have already shown promise in the battle against P. aeruginosa infections.

Abstract Cancer disease is increasing annually worldwide, creating some concerns regarding the efficacy of the present treatment options. This has caused patients to seek alternatives to complement the chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Annona muricata (family annonaceae) is a medicinal plant and is a fruit tree with a long history of traditional use. Annona muricata contains significant anticancer agents which called acetogenins play an important role in several cancer types. Annona Muricate has specific bioactive constituents responsible for the major anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and other health benefits of graviola include different classes of annonaceous acetogenins (metabolites and products of the polyketide pathway), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, and others. This review focuses on the phytochemistry, biological activities, medicinal are used as anti-cancer and antibiotic, also focuses on the mechanisms of action for the fruit extracts and acetogenins, in order to stimulate additional studies on the fruit pulp used for human consumption.